上一篇说到了salt的简单安装，接下来将对学习salt相关模块进行整理和学习

Grains

Grains是存储minion基本信息的，里面存放了minion端各种系统级参数，采用静态采集方式，在minion启动时进行数据采集。可以通过
salt '*' saltutil.sync_grains 从新进行minion端静态信息的采集.

展示minion的Grains静态信息 salt '*' grains.items

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newdev:
    ----------
    SSDs:
        - sda
        - dm-0
        - dm-1
        - dm-2
    biosreleasedate:
        05/21/2018
    biosversion:
        13.3.1 (43365)
    cpu_flags:
        - fpu
        - vme
        - de
        - pse
        - tsc
        - msr
        - pae
        - mce
        - cx8
        - apic
        - sep
        - mtrr
        - pge
        - mca
        - cmov
        - pat
        - pse36
        - clflush
        - mmx
        - fxsr
        - sse
        - sse2
        - ss
        - ht
        - syscall
        - nx
        - rdtscp
        - lm
        - constant_tsc
        - nopl
        - xtopology
        - nonstop_tsc
        - eagerfpu
        - pni
        - pclmulqdq
        - ssse3
        - fma
        - cx16
        - pcid
        - sse4_1
        - sse4_2
        - x2apic
        - movbe
        - popcnt
        - tsc_deadline_timer
        - aes
        - xsave
        - avx
        - f16c
        - rdrand
        - hypervisor
        - lahf_lm
        - abm
        - 3dnowprefetch
        - fsgsbase
        - tsc_adjust
        - bmi1
        - hle
        - avx2
        - smep
        - bmi2
        - invpcid
        - mpx
        - adx
        - clflushopt
        - xsaveopt
        - dtherm
        - arat
        - pln
        - pts
    cpu_model:
        Intel(R) Core(TM) i5-7360U CPU @ 2.30GHz
    cpuarch:
        x86_64
    disks:
        - sr0
    dns:
        ----------
        domain:
        ip4_nameservers:
            - 192.168.1.1
        ip6_nameservers:
        nameservers:
            - 192.168.1.1
        options:
        search:
            - lan
        sortlist:
    domain:
    fqdn:
        salt_salve_2
    fqdn_ip4:
        - 192.168.1.145
    fqdn_ip6:
        - fe80::d0f:e7bc:6a7f:a752
    gid:
        0
    gpus:
        |_
          ----------
          model:
              Accelerated Virtual Video Adapter
          vendor:
              unknown
    groupname:
        root
    host:
        salt_salve_2
    hwaddr_interfaces:
        ----------
        eth0:
            00:1c:42:bb:de:e6
        lo:
            00:00:00:00:00:00
    id:
        newdev
    init:
        systemd
    ip4_gw:
        192.168.1.1
    ip4_interfaces:
        ----------
        eth0:
            - 192.168.1.145
        lo:
            - 127.0.0.1
    ip6_gw:
        False
    ip6_interfaces:
        ----------
        eth0:
            - fe80::d0f:e7bc:6a7f:a752
        lo:
            - ::1
    ip_gw:
        True
    ip_interfaces:
        ----------
        eth0:
            - 192.168.1.145
            - fe80::d0f:e7bc:6a7f:a752
        lo:
            - 127.0.0.1
            - ::1
    ipv4:
        - 127.0.0.1
        - 192.168.1.145
    ipv6:
        - ::1
        - fe80::d0f:e7bc:6a7f:a752
    kernel:
        Linux
    kernelrelease:
        3.10.0-862.el7.x86_64
    kernelversion:
        #1 SMP Fri Apr 20 16:44:24 UTC 2018
    locale_info:
        ----------
        defaultencoding:
            UTF-8
        defaultlanguage:
            en_US
        detectedencoding:
            UTF-8
    localhost:
        salt_salve_2
    lsb_distrib_codename:
        CentOS Linux 7 (Core)
    lsb_distrib_id:
        CentOS Linux
    machine_id:
        4759594b77c0c04fb629ee0b4da6fdbe
    manufacturer:
        Parallels Software International Inc.
    master:
        192.168.1.194
    mdadm:
    mem_total:
        1222
    nodename:
        localhost.localdomain
    num_cpus:
        2
    num_gpus:
        1
    os:
        CentOS
    os_family:
        RedHat
    osarch:
        x86_64
    oscodename:
        CentOS Linux 7 (Core)
    osfinger:
        CentOS Linux-7
    osfullname:
        CentOS Linux
    osmajorrelease:
        7
    osrelease:
        7.5.1804
    osrelease_info:
        - 7
        - 5
        - 1804
    path:
        /usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/root/bin
    pid:
        24821
    productname:
        Parallels Virtual Platform
    ps:
        ps -efHww
    pythonexecutable:
        /usr/bin/python
    pythonpath:
        - /usr/bin
        - /usr/lib64/python27.zip
        - /usr/lib64/python2.7
        - /usr/lib64/python2.7/plat-linux2
        - /usr/lib64/python2.7/lib-tk
        - /usr/lib64/python2.7/lib-old
        - /usr/lib64/python2.7/lib-dynload
        - /usr/lib64/python2.7/site-packages
        - /usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages
    pythonversion:
        - 2
        - 7
        - 5
        - final
        - 0
    saltpath:
        /usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/salt
    saltversion:
        2018.3.2
    saltversioninfo:
        - 2018
        - 3
        - 2
        - 0
    selinux:
        ----------
        enabled:
            True
        enforced:
            Enforcing
    serialnumber:
        Parallels-4B 59 59 47 C0 77 4F C0 B6 29 EE 0B 4D A6 FD BE
    server_id:
        2082849409
    shell:
        /bin/bash
    swap_total:
        2047
    systemd:
        ----------
        features:
            +PAM +AUDIT +SELINUX +IMA -APPARMOR +SMACK +SYSVINIT +UTMP +LIBCRYPTSETUP +GCRYPT +GNUTLS +ACL +XZ +LZ4 -SECCOMP +BLKID +ELFUTILS +KMOD +IDN
        version:
            219
    uid:
        0
    username:
        root
    uuid:
        4759594b-77c0-c04f-b629-ee0b4da6fdbe
    virtual:
        Parallels
    zfs_feature_flags:
        False
    zfs_support:
        False
    zmqversion:
        4.1.4

# Pillar

Pillar主要用于master端分发给minion端的信息，针对于Grains不同的是它是动态加密传输的，而且只有指定minion才能收到这些pillar信息。

通过salt '*' pillar.items 来展示pillar信息，通过salt '*' saltutil.refresh_pillar 来刷新pillar信息。

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newdev:
    ----------
    groups:
        |_
          ----------
          name:
              dev
          nodes:
              - dev
              - newdev
    sshd_port:
        22

High State 与 Low State

如果什么配置都没问题以后可以通过 salt '*' state.highstate 完成所有机器的部署动作。